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The European Commission unveiled a new proposal on Tuesday to expand the powers of the European Union border agency, empowering it to support the return of irregular migrants. The proposed legislation provides Frontex with greater resources to operate beyond EU territory and assist non-EU countries in sending migrants back to their countries of origin.
Expanding Frontex Operations and Resources
The initiative follows the humanitarian crisis in the Spanish exclave of Ceuta during the summer. That tragedy was highlighted by several EU member states as an instance where the bloc could do more to block individuals from reaching EU territory. In response, Italy implemented temporary border controls on travel from Spain, while Spain’s prime minister criticized certain EU member states for their selfish reactions to the migrant influx.
Magnus Brunner, commissioner for internal affairs and migration, told reporters that the commission is proposing that Frontex becomes the central EU actor on returns. He added that the agency will operate faster with a quick reaction force capable of deploying within 24 hours to spot risks early before an event develops into a crisis.
Deportation Powers and Corps Growth
Granting Frontex the ability to deport migrants from non-EU countries means the agency could deport a Bangladeshi national from Libya, where numerous migrants embark on the final stage of their journey into the bloc. The strategy involves gradually expanding the standing corps of Frontex to 30,000 officers by establishing a new European border and return reserve of 17,000 officers over the next 15 years. According to a commission statement, those officers will stay at the disposal of member states for deployment when required.
Additionally, the proposal establishes a new EU Return Coordination Center within Frontex and broadens the agency’s role throughout the entire deportation procedure. It also features an online monitoring center to track border-related developments across social media platforms and support actions against content connected to border security risks.
Criticism From Rights Groups
Frontex guards the external borders of the EU and ensures the rights of new arrivals, though it has faced past criticism regarding accountability. The planned reform reduces the scope of the agency’s internal rights watchdog, directing complaints to national authorities instead.
Tineke Strik, a Dutch member of the European Parliament from the Greens/EFA group, stated that the commission is pandering to populism and the far right on migration. She added that while a human rights-based approach to border management is necessary, the commission risks transforming Frontex into a European version of ICE.
